Which type of shock results from severe allergic reactions?

Anaphylactic shock is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that occurs when the immune system overreacts to an allergen. This type of shock causes the release of large amounts of histamine and other chemicals into the bloodstream, leading to widespread vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and ultimately a drop in blood pressure. This rapid drop can result in inadequate blood flow to vital organs, causing symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling, hives, and gastrointestinal distress.

Immediate recognition and treatment of anaphylactic shock are critical, typically involving the administration of epinephrine to counteract the allergic response, along with other supportive measures. Understanding that anaphylactic shock is distinct from other types of shock, such as neurogenic, cardiogenic, and hypovolemic shock, which have different underlying causes, is essential for effective first aid and emergency response.