Which type of burn affects only the outer layer of skin?

First-degree burns affect only the outer layer of skin, known as the epidermis. This type of burn typically results in redness, minor swelling, and pain, but does not cause blisters or damage to deeper skin layers. A common example of a first-degree burn is a mild sunburn, where the skin appears red and feels warm to the touch, but overall healing occurs within a few days without significant medical intervention.

In contrast, second-degree burns extend beyond the epidermis into the dermis and can cause more severe symptoms, including blisters and intense pain. Third-degree burns penetrate through all layers of the skin and may even damage underlying tissues, resulting in a white or charred appearance without pain at the center since nerve endings are destroyed. Fourth-degree burns extend through the skin into deeper tissues, often leading to significant complications and the need for surgical intervention.

Understanding the differences between these types of burns is crucial for proper first aid treatment and determining when to seek further medical care.