Which of the following is an appropriate first aid response to a burn?

Running cold water over a burn for 10-15 minutes is the recommended first aid response because it helps to cool the burn and reduces the temperature of the affected area, thereby alleviating pain and minimizing further skin damage. Cold running water effectively lowers the skin temperature, prevents the burn from worsening, and promotes healing by flushing away debris and bacteria.

Using ice directly on the burn can cause frostbite and worsen tissue damage, while covering the burn with a dry cloth and keeping it clean does not provide the immediate cooling that is crucial in the care of burns. Applying substances like butter or oil is outdated advice and can trap heat in the burn, potentially leading to further injury and increasing the risk of infection. Therefore, the application of cold running water is the most effective and safe method in the initial management of burns.