In case of fainting, what is the recommended action?

When someone faints, also known as syncope, the recommended action is to lay them flat on their back. This position helps to promote blood flow to the brain by allowing gravity to assist in returning blood to the central circulation. Laying the person flat also reduces the risk of injury if they were to fall or lose consciousness.

Elevating the legs, if possible, can further aid in blood flow to the brain, which may help the person regain consciousness more quickly. This response addresses the physiological needs of the individual during fainting, as it counteracts the temporary reduction in blood flow that leads to the fainting episode.

In contrast, keeping someone upright could potentially exacerbate their condition by hindering blood flow to the brain, which could lead to another fainting episode or falls. Additionally, fanning them or giving them water right away may not address the underlying issue of reduced blood flow and could be inappropriate if the person is not fully alert or able to swallow safely.